Fire prevention and extinguishing Countermeasures

According to the analysis of relevant data, from 1993 to 2000, there were 20 mass death and mass injury fires in public entertainment places across the country, in which more than 10 people died or more than 20 were seriously injured. These mass death and mass injury fire accidents were a series of shocking figures, The tragic scenes of revising the regulations on the administration of road motor vehicle production enterprises and product access licenses one after another cannot but arouse our thinking

I. characteristics of fires in public entertainment places

aerogel gel materials are prone to produce dust in the process of use. 1. Most of them occur at night. Looking at the fires in public entertainment places, most of them occur at night, and most of them occur in the second half of the night. Fire safety management at night is a space that people ignore, and it is precisely a "good opportunity" for fire demons to patronize. Based on the analysis of 24 hours a day, 16 fires occurred from 18 p.m. to 6 a.m., accounting for 80% of the total

2. It has periodicity. In terms of the number of deaths and injuries in public entertainment places and the number of deaths, it was the highest in 1994, with a total of 5 deaths and 601 deaths, accounting for 26.3% and 67.5% of the total number of fires in that year, respectively; 1. Comprehensively grasp the development stage of each material, the main utilization links, the production and utilization at home and abroad, the existing development bottlenecks, the main problems to be solved in "1035", etc. in 1997, there were 2 cases and 62 deaths, accounting for 10.5% and 14.4% of the total number of mass casualties and fires in that year respectively; In 2000, there were 3 cases and 395 deaths; Other years are relatively stable. There is a small peak every 3 years and a large peak every 6 years, which is cyclical

3. Most song and dance venues. Of the 20 mass casualties, 9 occurred in song and dance halls, accounting for 45% of the total. Due to the high density of people and dark lights in these places, people are in a high state of excitement, coupled with the panic of people after the fire, it is difficult to evacuate, which is very easy to cause mass casualties

II. Causes of fire in public entertainment places

1. Poor safe evacuation. In the 20 mass casualty fires, 11 places' safety evacuation routes were blocked, blocked or locked, making people lose the chance to escape, accounting for 55% of the total

2. Decoration with combustible materials. According to the analysis of relevant data, 80% of the fire deaths were caused by suffocation caused by smoke and toxic gas SEBS foaming material on the foaming wheel, which is worth looking forward to. Among the 20 places with mass casualties, 13 places were decorated with a large number of combustible and toxic materials, accounting for 65% of the total. The use of combustible materials for decoration greatly increases the fire load, and the combustion produces a large number of toxic substances such as carbon monoxide, which reduces the visibility of the space and makes people lose the ability to escape

3. Serious overload. Seriously overcrowded business, once the fire broke out, people crowded with each other and rushed to escape, affecting the safe evacuation and causing a large number of casualties

4. Illegal operation. Among the 20 fire sites, 11 were decorated or operated without authorization without the examination and acceptance of the public security fire control institutions, accounting for 55% of the total

5. Hidden dangers remain unchanged for a long time. The fire of Hawaii Hotel in Changchun, Jilin Province occurred on December 26th, 1999. Before the fire, the fire department had carried out 11 fire supervision and inspections, issued 14 various legal documents, found 37 major and minor problems, and imposed administrative penalties on issues such as locking the evacuation door. However, the hotel has not yet implemented rectification, resulting in tragedy

6. Lack of self-help ability. From the lesson of fire, people's awareness of fire protection is weak, and they lack the necessary awareness of self escape and self-protection, resulting in mass deaths and injuries